Mary Snyder Shall, PT, Ph.D.

Associate professor

E-mail: msshall@vcu.edu

Professional interests

Mary Snyder Shall is a member of the Department of Physical Therapy faculty with an affiliate appointment in the School of Medicine’s Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology. Her primary research interests are in area of the mechanical parameters and behavior of motor units used for fine motor control (such as extraocular and tongue muscles) and in the role of the vestibular system input on the development of skeletal muscle fiber types. Shall teaches courses on functional neuroanatomy and motor control.

Education

• Ph.D. Anatomy and Neurobiology (1991), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.
• M.S. Physical Therapy (1978), Duke University, Durham, N.C.
• B.S. Comparative Literature (1976), Creighton University, Omaha, Neb.

Selected publications

Van Cleave, S. and Shall, M.S., A critical period for the impact of vestibular sensation on ferret motor development. In revision for publication in J Vestibular Res 2006.

Moore, W.A., Goldberg, S.J., and Shall, M.S., Effects of artificial rearing on rat genioglossus muscle. Archives of Oral Biology epub Oct. 12 2006.

Smith, J.C., Moore WA, Goldberg, S.J., Shall, M.S. Contractile Properties and Myosin Heavy Chain Composition of Tongue Retrusor Musculature in Rat Show Long Term Changes After 19 Days of Artificial Rearing. J Appl Physiol Oct; 101(4):1053-9, 2006.

Smith, J.C., S.J. Goldberg, and M.S. Shall. Myosin heavy chain and fiber diameter of extrinsic tongue muscles in rhesus monkey, Archives of Oral Biology. 2006; 51(6): 520-5.

Smith JC, Goldberg SJ, Shall SJ. Phenotype and contractile properties of mammalian tongue muscles innervated by the hypoglossal nerve. Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology. 2005; 147(2-3):253-262.

Shall MS, Lanzino DJ, Van Cleave S, Goldberg SJ. Neonatal Bilabyrinthectomy Leads to Changes in Skeletal Muscle Fiber Form and Function. Journal of Vestibular Research 2005; 15(5-6):253-262.

Shall MS, Van Cleave S, Dimitrova DM, Goldberg SJ. Lateral rectus muscle changes after bilateral neonatal labyrinthectomy in the ferret. Journal of Vestibular Research 2005; 15(5-6):243-251.

McClung JR, Cullen KE, Shall MS, Dimitrova DM, Goldberg SJ. Effects of electrode penetrations into the abducens nuscleus of the monkey: Eye movement recordings and histo- pathological evaluation of the abducens nuclei and lateral rectus muscles. Experimental Brain Research 2004;158(2):180-8.

Dimitrova DM, Shall MS, Goldberg SJ. Stimulation-Evoked Eye Movements With And Without The Lateral Rectus Muscle Pulley. Journal of Neurophysiol 2003; 90:3809-3815.

Shall MS, Dimitrova DM, Goldberg SJ. Extraocular Motor Unit and Whole Muscle Contractile Properties in the Squirrel Monkey: Summation of Forces and Fiber Morphology. Experimental Brain Research, 2003; 151(3):338-45.

Kinirons S, Shall MS, Goldberg SJ. Effect of Artificial Rearing on the Contractile Properties and Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms of Developing Rat Tongue Musculature. Journal of Neurophysiology. 2003; 90(1):120-127.

Dimitrova DM, Shall MS, Goldberg SJ. Short-term effects of botulinum toxin on the lateral rectus muscle of the cat. Experimental Brain Research.2002; (147):449-455.

McClung JR, Shall MS, Goldberg SJ. Motoneurons of the lateral and medial rectus extraocular muscles in squirrel monkey and cat. Cells, Tissues and Organs. 2001; (168):220-227.

Sutive TG, Shall MS, McClung JR, Goldberg SJ. Contractile properties of the tongue’s genioglossus muscle and motor units in the rat. Muscle Nerve. 2000; (23):416-425.

Goldberg SJ, Meredith MA, Shall MS. Extraocular Motor Unit and Whole-Muscle Responses in the Lateral Rectus Muscle of the Squirrel Monkey. Journal of Neuroscience. 18 (24): p. 10629-10639, 1998.

Goldberg SJ, Wilson KE, Shall MS. Summation of extraocular motor unit tensions in the lateral rectus muscle of the cat. Muscle and Nerve 1997; (20): 1229-1235.

Shall MS, Wilson KE, Goldberg SJ. Extraocular motoneuron stimulation frequency effects on motor unit tension in the cat. Acta Anatomica, 1996; (157) 127-135.

Shall MS, Sorg PJ, McClung JR, Gilliam EE, Goldberg SJ. Relationship of the mechanical properties of the cat inferior oblique muscle to the anatomy of its motoneurons and nerve branches. Acta Anatomica, 1995; (153): 151-160.

Shall MS, Goldberg SJ. Lateral rectus EMG and contractile responses elicited by cat abducens motoneurons. Muscle and Nerve, 1995; (18): 948-955.

Shall, M.S. and Goldberg, S.J.: Extraocular motor units: Type classification and motoneuron stimulation frequency-muscle unit force relationships. Brain Research. 1992: (587):291-300.

Goldberg, S.J. and Shall, M.S. Motor Units of extraocular muscles: Recent findings. In: Peripheral and Spinal Mechanisms in the Neural Control of Movement. Binder, M.D. (ed) Progress in Brain Research. Elsevier: North Holland, Vol.123, ch 20:221-232, Elsevier:Holland, 1999.

Grant funding

“Vestibular System and Motor Development in Deaf Children” A. D. Williams Faculty Research Grant, awarded 2006.

Alcohol in Neocortex Development and Plasticity. Co-investigator; principal investigator: A. Ramoa. National Institutes of Health, (NIAAA), April 1, 2001 through March 31, 2005.

Neuromuscular Development after Bilabyrinthectomy. Principal investigator. National Institutes of Health (NIDCD), Jan. 1, 2001 through Dec. 31, 2004.

The Precise Control of Tongue Movement. Co-investigator; principal investigator: S. J. Goldberg, National Institutes of Health, (NIDCD), June 1, 2001 through May 30, 2005.

Eye Movement: Force, Motion and Anatomy Relationships. Co-investigator; principal investigator: S. J. Goldberg. National Institutes of Health National Eye Institute (NEI), Sept. 1, 2000 through Aug. 30, 2004.

The Effect of Bilabyrinthectomy on Ferret Muscle Fiber Typing. Principal investigator. Funded by National Institutes of Health NIDCD James S. Shannon Award Sept. 30, 1997 through Sept. 1999.

Anatomy and Physiology of Ferret Extraocular Muscles. Principal investigator. VCU Department of Physical Therapy Faculty Research Fund, 1995.

Eye Movement: Force, Motion and Anatomy Relationships. Co-investigator; principal investigator: Stephen J. Goldberg. National Institutes of Health – National Eye Institute, 1995.

Key professional service activities

President of the MCV Alumni Association

Central Virginia representative to the Virginia Physical Therapy Association

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