From fabrics to flooring, from makeup to medicines, your world is full of chemicals, and many can cause adverse allergic reactions. Chemical allergies typically affect the skin, but also chemicals can irritate the causemouth and respiratory tract.
And these chemicals are everywhere, including your home. The typical residence can contain upwards of 200 different contaminants, especially if it's an energy-efficient home built after the late 1970s.
One of the most widespread and troublesome is formaldehyde, found in foam insulation, particle board or wallboard, carpeting, permanent-press clothing, waxes, dyes, polishes, plaster and paper. Although you may not see it or smell it, formaldehyde can irritate the eyes and mucous membranes lining the respiratory tract. And high levels of nitrogen dioxide, a gas released from gas ranges, pilot lights and kerosene and gas space heaters, also can lead to breathing problems, nasal congestion, eye irritation and cough.
The best way to avoid any symptoms associated with these indoor chemicals is to eliminate their sources. But since that may be impossible because of your home's structure, here's what you can do:
Take a hint - and vent
The average home already has enough contaminants, so don't add to the problem. You can increase ventilation and help remove some of these irritants - even in tight homes - by opening windows, and venting space heaters and cooking appliances to the outside.
Protect yourself
Wear protective gloves and clothing when you're working with chemicals known to be harmful like dyes, paint thinners and other solvents. Then wash clothing immediately afterward.
Consider cosmetics
If you suspect you're allergic to the cosmetics you're using, switch to those labeled hypoallergenic. That designation means they are specifically formulated to be less likely to cause an allergic reaction.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Identification of the offending chemicals can be extremely difficult and requires a detailed history, including a diary of when symptoms occur and any obvious chemical exposures. Skin testing is possible in some cases. Treatment consists mainly of avoidance of the offending chemicals, but may also include injection therapy to help neutralize the symptoms of chemical exposure.
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